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What countries are in the EU, EEA, EFTA and the Schengen area?

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See what countries are in the Schengen area, the European Union (EU), European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Economic Area (EEA).

Choose the list of countries

EEA stands for European Economic Area. There are 30 EEA countries:

  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Latvia
  • Liechtenstein
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Malta
  • Netherlands
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Spain
  • Sweden

All 27 EU countries are also EEA countries. Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway and the only countries in the EEA that are not in the EU.

The European Union (EU) consists of 27 countries:

  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Cyprus
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Ireland
  • Italy
  • Latvia
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Malta
  • Netherlands
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Spain
  • Sweden

The EU countries Cyprus and Ireland are not part of the Schengen area. Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland are in the Schengen area but are not EU member states.

EU candidate countries

Candidate countries are countries that wish to join the EU. These countries must incorporate EU legislation into their national legislation before they can become EU member states.

These 9 countries wish to become EU member states, but have not yet adopted all EU laws:

  • Albania
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Georgia
  • Moldova
  • Montenegro
  • North Macedonia
  • Serbia
  • Türkiye
  • Ukraine

Kosovo wishes to become candidate country but does not meet the requirements for EU membership.

The Schengen area consists of 29 countries:

  • Austria
  • Belgium
  • Bulgaria
  • Croatia
  • Czech Republic
  • Denmark
  • Estonia
  • Finland
  • France
  • Germany
  • Greece
  • Hungary
  • Iceland
  • Italy
  • Latvia
  • Liechtenstein
  • Lithuania
  • Luxembourg
  • Malta
  • Netherlands
  • Norway
  • Poland
  • Portugal
  • Romania
  • Slovakia
  • Slovenia
  • Spain
  • Sweden
  • Switzerland

The EU countries Cyprus and Ireland are not part of the Schengen area. Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland are in the Schengen area but are not EU member states.

The European Free Trade Association (EFTA) consists of 4 countries:

  • Iceland
  • Liechtenstein
  • Norway
  • Switzerland

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